WHAT IS TCP/IP MODEL?

 Network communication needs a lot of models upon which it can work properly. Open system interconnect is the best example of it. Similarly, TCP/IP is another such kind of model upon which one can say that practical communication takes place. One can not ignore Internet protocol version 4 in such kind of technologies. It can be said that some of the layers which scientists believes that they were not practical then they extracted them from OSI model. Then they made this model.

It has merged many layers of open system interconnect model. In Link layer The first layer is called as link layer. As the main purpose of TCP/IP model is to provide connectionless connection to avoid hacking. This layer defines what Ethernet and serial cables must have to do to have connectionless internet layer. It is very important that one should understand the process of communication at bit level. These bits travel in link layer and different transmission mediums are present in link layer like optical fiber, Ethernet and Twisted pair cable. It is very important to tell that Optical fiber provides the best medium for communication in long run. In Internet layer It is responsible for taking packets from source to destination. It also uses different protocols to control and manage this layer. Internet control message protocol is the best example of it. It can be said that different types of routers work in this layer. Now router is the main device which is responsible for packet management and they use different protocols too in this regard. In Transport layer this layer is responsible for reliable and unreliable communication. As TCP provides reliable communication whereas UDP provides unreliable communication. these two protocols are present in internet in a very in a very high quantities. They are carrying out the main transport on the internet. In Application layer this layer uses has higher levels of protocols. They include HTTP, SMTP,RTP, and DNS. This the highest level of internet. It can be said that a user is doing all the things at application layer. Different operating systems provide this facility through which people can have their own application development system. Is Netflix down? A layman can ask this question in internet and then it follows the same sequence to return the answer.

In a nutshell, this is a congested version of OSI model. Moreover, its main purpose is to have connectionless communication. This is a practical model and people are using it for their communication. In the form of practice people like to have this model instead of OSI model. It is also easier to use because it has less number of layers as compared to OSI model.

Reference: Andrew S. Tanenbaum and David j.wetherall